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SAO/NASA ADS Abstract Service Stopword List

The ADS search system recognizes certain words as being not important for searches and removes those words from a search. There are two types of stopwords, case insensitive stopwords and case sensitive stopwords. The former are words like much and but. They are ignored in a search. The latter are words that are stop words in some context, but are significant in other contexts. For instance and is a stopword, but And is significant. Since and does not occur at the beginning of a sentence, we assume that anytime And is in the text, it means Andromeda.

Following are the lists of case sensitive stopwords and case insensitive stopwords for the three ADS databases.

The case sensitive stopword lists are significant because if you want to search for And you have to specify the correct case, otherwise the word gets removed from the query.



Case sensitive stopwords for the Astronomy database


    AND      An      BE      By      Go      No      SN      Th 
     al      am      an     and      be      by      go      he 
    her      ie    nice      no     sic      sn      th 

Case insensitive stopwords for the Astronomy database


              A            ABLE           ABOUT         ACQUIRE          ACROSS 
 AFOREMENTIONED           AFTER           AGAIN         AGAINST           AHEAD 
           AIMS            AKIN          ALBEIT          ALMOST         ALREADY 
           ALSO        ALTHOUGH      ALTOGETHER          ALWAYS              AM 
        AMAZING       AMAZINGLY            AMID          AMIDST           AMONG 
        AMONGST              AN             AND            ANEW         ANOTHER 
            ANY         ANYMORE          ANYONE        ANYTHING          ANYWAY 
       ANYWHERE           APPLY             ARE          AROUND              AS 
             AT            ATOP    AVAILABILITY       AVAILABLE           AWAIT 
        AWAITED        AWAITING          AWAITS            AWAY          BECAME 
        BECAUSE          BECOME         BECOMES        BECOMING            BEEN 
         BEFALL          BEFORE      BEFOREHAND           BEGIN           BEING 
         BELONG          BESIDE         BESIDES            BEST            BOTH 
          BRING             BUT              BY            CALL            CAME 
            CAN          CANNOT            COME           COMES          COMING 
        COMINGS           COULD            DEEM          DEEMED         DEEMING 
        DESPITE             DID       DISCUSSED          DISUSE              DO 
           DOES           DOING            DONE             DUE            DULY 
           EACH          EITHER            ELSE       ELSEWHERE          ENOUGH 
      ERSTWHILE              ET             ETC            EVER           EVERY 
      EVERYBODY        EVERYDAY        EVERYONE      EVERYTHING      EVERYWHERE 
        FINALLY          FOLLOW             FOR         FOREVER           FOUND 
           FROM            FUER         FURTHER      FURTHERING     FURTHERMORE 
       FURTHERS            GAVE             GET            GIVE           GIVEN 
          GIVER           GIVES          GIVING              GO           GOING 
           GONE             GOT             HAD          HAPPEN        HAPPENED 
      HAPPENING         HAPPENS    HAPPENSTANCE             HAS            HAVE 
         HAVING              HE           HENCE             HER            HERS 
            HIM         HIMSELF             HIS        HITHERTO             HOW 
        HOWEVER              IF              IN        INASMUCH          INDEED 
        INSOFAR         INSTEAD            INTO              IS              IT 
            ITS          ITSELF            JUST            KEEP         KEEPING 
          KEEPS            KEPT            KIND            KNEW            KNOW 
      KNOWLEDGE         KNOWING           KNOWN           KNOWS            LEST 
            LET            LETS            LIKE      LIKELINESS         LIKENED 
         LIKENS           LIKES        LIKEWISE            LIST            MADE 
           MAKE             MAY           MAYBE        MEANTIME       MEANWHILE 
           MERE          MERELY           MIGHT          MIGHTY        MOREOVER 
         MOSTLY            MUCH            MUST              MY            NEED 
         NEEDED         NEEDING        NEEDLESS      NEEDLESSLY           NEEDS 
        NEITHER           NEVER    NEVERTHELESS            NEXT            NICE 
         NICELY              NO     NONETHELESS             NOT NOTWITHSTANDING 
       NOWADAYS         NOWHERE        OBTAINED              OF             OFF 
           OFFS           OFTEN         OFTENLY              ON            ONCE 
           ONES         ONESELF         ONGOING            ONLY            ONTO 
         ONWARD         ONWARDS              OR           OTHER          OTHERS 
      OTHERWISE           OUGHT             OUR            OURS       OURSELVES 
            OUT     OUTSTANDING   OUTSTANDINGLY             OWN           OWNED 
        PERHAPS          PONDER      PONDERABLE        POSSIBLE        POSSIBLY 
      PRESENTED             PUT            PUTS         PUTTING           QUERY 
       QUESTION           QUITE          RATHER          REALLY            REDO 
        REDOING          REDONE         RESULTS            SAID            SAME 
            SAY          SAYING            SAYS             SEE            SEEM 
         SEEMED         SEEMING       SEEMINGLY           SEEMS          SELDOM 
          SHALL             SHE          SHOULD            SHOW          SHOWED 
        SHOWING           SHOWN           SHOWS             SIC           SINCE 
            SIT            SITS         SITTING              SO            SOME 
        SOMEDAY         SOMEHOW         SOMEONE       SOMETHING        SOMETIME 
      SOMETIMES        SOMEWHAT       SOMEWHERE        SOMTIMES            SOON 
         SOONER            SUCH         SUGGEST       SUGGESTED        SUGGESTS 
           SURE          SURELY          SUREST            TAKE           TAKEN 
         TAKENS           TAKES          TAKING            TALE          TALLER 
        TALLIED         TALLIES            TELL           TELLS            TEND 
         TENDED         TENDING           TENDS            THAN            THAT 
            THE            THEE           THEIR          THEIRS            THEM 
     THEMSELVES            THEN          THENCE     THENCEFORTH      THEREAFTER 
        THEREBY       THEREFORE       THEREFROM         THEREIN         THEREOF 
        THEREON         THERETO       THEREWITH           THESE            THEY 
           THIS        THOROUGH      THOROUGHLY         THORUGH           THOSE 
         THOUGH      THOUGHTFUL     THOUGHTLESS      THROUGHOUT            THRU 
           THUS             TIL            TILL              TO        TOGETHER 
            TOO            TOOK      TREMENDOUS    TREMENDOUSLY           TRIED 
          TRIES          TRUTHS             TRY          TRYING          UNABLE 
 UNAVAILABILITY     UNAVAILABLE         UNAWARE         UNDERGO       UNDERGOES 
     UNDERGOING       UNDERGONE       UNDERTAKE      UNDERTAKEN      UNDERTAKES 
    UNDERTAKING    UNDERTAKINGS       UNDERTOOK        UNDERWAY       UNDERWENT 
          UNDUE          UNDULY     UNFORTUNATE   UNFORTUNATELY         UNFOUND 
         UNLESS           UNTIL            UPON           UPSET          UPSETS 
      UPSETTING          UPTAKE            URGE           URGED          URGENT 
       URGENTLY              US          USABLE          USAGES         USEABLE 
           USED          USEFUL      USEFULNESS         USELESS            USES 
          USING           USUAL         USUALLY        UTILISED        UTILISES 
        UTILIZE        UTILIZED        UTILIZES       UTILIZING          UTMOST 
        UTTERLY          VASTLY             VIA             VIS           VIVID 
        VIVIDLY            WANT          WANTED         WANTING           WANTS 
            WAS             WAY              WE         WELCOME        WELCOMED 
           WENT            WERE            WHAT        WHATEVER      WHATSOEVER 
           WHEN          WHENCE        WHENEVER           WHERE         WHEREAS 
        WHEREBY       WHEREFROM         WHEREIN         WHERETO       WHEREUPON 
       WHEREVER         WHETHER           WHICH       WHICHEVER           WHILE 
         WHILST             WHO         WHOEVER       WHOLESALE          WHOLLY 
           WHOM        WHOMEVER      WHOMSOEVER           WHOSE             WHY 
           WILL         WILLING     WILLINGNESS          WISDOM            WISE 
           WISH          WISHED          WISHES         WISHING             WIT 
           WITH      WITHDRAWAL     WITHDRAWING       WITHDRAWN          WITHIN 
        WITHOUT       WITHSTAND    WITHSTANDING          WONDER       WONDERFUL 
    WONDERFULLY       WONDERING      WONDERLAND         WONDERS        WONDROUS 
           WORD           WORDS            WORN           WOULD             YES 
            YET             YOU            YOUR 



Case sensitive stopwords for the Physics database


    AND      An      BE      By      Go      No      SN      Th 
     al      am      an     and      be      by      go      he 
    her      ie    nice      no     sic      sn      th 

Case insensitive stopwords for the Physics database


              A            ABLE           ABOUT         ACQUIRE          ACROSS 
 AFOREMENTIONED           AFTER           AGAIN         AGAINST           AHEAD 
           AIMS            AKIN          ALBEIT          ALMOST         ALREADY 
           ALSO        ALTHOUGH      ALTOGETHER          ALWAYS              AM 
        AMAZING       AMAZINGLY            AMID          AMIDST           AMONG 
        AMONGST              AN             AND            ANEW         ANOTHER 
            ANY         ANYMORE          ANYONE        ANYTHING          ANYWAY 
       ANYWHERE           APPLY             ARE          AROUND              AS 
             AT            ATOP    AVAILABILITY       AVAILABLE           AWAIT 
        AWAITED        AWAITING          AWAITS            AWAY          BECAME 
        BECAUSE          BECOME         BECOMES        BECOMING            BEEN 
         BEFALL          BEFORE      BEFOREHAND           BEGIN           BEING 
         BELONG          BESIDE         BESIDES            BEST            BOTH 
          BRING             BUT              BY            CALL            CAME 
            CAN          CANNOT            COME           COMES          COMING 
        COMINGS           COULD            DEEM          DEEMED         DEEMING 
        DESPITE             DID       DISCUSSED          DISUSE              DO 
           DOES           DOING            DONE             DUE            DULY 
           EACH          EITHER            ELSE       ELSEWHERE          ENOUGH 
      ERSTWHILE              ET             ETC            EVER           EVERY 
      EVERYBODY        EVERYDAY        EVERYONE      EVERYTHING      EVERYWHERE 
        FINALLY          FOLLOW             FOR         FOREVER           FOUND 
           FROM            FUER         FURTHER      FURTHERING     FURTHERMORE 
       FURTHERS            GAVE             GET            GIVE           GIVEN 
          GIVER           GIVES          GIVING              GO           GOING 
           GONE             GOT             HAD          HAPPEN        HAPPENED 
      HAPPENING         HAPPENS    HAPPENSTANCE             HAS            HAVE 
         HAVING              HE           HENCE             HER            HERS 
            HIM         HIMSELF             HIS        HITHERTO             HOW 
        HOWEVER              IF              IN        INASMUCH          INDEED 
        INSOFAR         INSTEAD            INTO              IS              IT 
            ITS          ITSELF            JUST            KEEP         KEEPING 
          KEEPS            KEPT            KIND            KNEW            KNOW 
      KNOWLEDGE         KNOWING           KNOWN           KNOWS            LEST 
            LET            LETS            LIKE      LIKELINESS         LIKENED 
         LIKENS           LIKES        LIKEWISE            LIST            MADE 
           MAKE             MAY           MAYBE        MEANTIME       MEANWHILE 
           MERE          MERELY           MIGHT          MIGHTY        MOREOVER 
         MOSTLY            MUCH            MUST              MY            NEED 
         NEEDED         NEEDING        NEEDLESS      NEEDLESSLY           NEEDS 
        NEITHER           NEVER    NEVERTHELESS            NEXT            NICE 
         NICELY              NO     NONETHELESS             NOT NOTWITHSTANDING 
       NOWADAYS         NOWHERE        OBTAINED              OF             OFF 
           OFFS           OFTEN         OFTENLY              ON            ONCE 
           ONES         ONESELF         ONGOING            ONLY            ONTO 
         ONWARD         ONWARDS              OR           OTHER          OTHERS 
      OTHERWISE           OUGHT             OUR            OURS       OURSELVES 
            OUT     OUTSTANDING   OUTSTANDINGLY             OWN           OWNED 
        PERHAPS          PONDER      PONDERABLE        POSSIBLE        POSSIBLY 
      PRESENTED             PUT            PUTS         PUTTING           QUERY 
       QUESTION           QUITE          RATHER          REALLY            REDO 
        REDOING          REDONE         RESULTS            SAID            SAME 
            SAY          SAYING            SAYS             SEE            SEEM 
         SEEMED         SEEMING       SEEMINGLY           SEEMS          SELDOM 
          SHALL             SHE          SHOULD            SHOW          SHOWED 
        SHOWING           SHOWN           SHOWS             SIC           SINCE 
            SIT            SITS         SITTING              SO            SOME 
        SOMEDAY         SOMEHOW         SOMEONE       SOMETHING        SOMETIME 
      SOMETIMES        SOMEWHAT       SOMEWHERE        SOMTIMES            SOON 
         SOONER            SUCH         SUGGEST       SUGGESTED        SUGGESTS 
           SURE          SURELY          SUREST            TAKE           TAKEN 
         TAKENS           TAKES          TAKING            TALE          TALLER 
        TALLIED         TALLIES            TELL           TELLS            TEND 
         TENDED         TENDING           TENDS            THAN            THAT 
            THE            THEE           THEIR          THEIRS            THEM 
     THEMSELVES            THEN          THENCE     THENCEFORTH      THEREAFTER 
        THEREBY       THEREFORE       THEREFROM         THEREIN         THEREOF 
        THEREON         THERETO       THEREWITH           THESE            THEY 
           THIS        THOROUGH      THOROUGHLY         THORUGH           THOSE 
         THOUGH      THOUGHTFUL     THOUGHTLESS      THROUGHOUT            THRU 
           THUS             TIL            TILL              TO        TOGETHER 
            TOO            TOOK      TREMENDOUS    TREMENDOUSLY           TRIED 
          TRIES          TRUTHS             TRY          TRYING          UNABLE 
 UNAVAILABILITY     UNAVAILABLE         UNAWARE         UNDERGO       UNDERGOES 
     UNDERGOING       UNDERGONE       UNDERTAKE      UNDERTAKEN      UNDERTAKES 
    UNDERTAKING    UNDERTAKINGS       UNDERTOOK        UNDERWAY       UNDERWENT 
          UNDUE          UNDULY     UNFORTUNATE   UNFORTUNATELY         UNFOUND 
         UNLESS           UNTIL            UPON           UPSET          UPSETS 
      UPSETTING          UPTAKE