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Title:
Lunar Net---a proposal in response to an ESA M3 call in 2010 for a medium sized mission
Authors:
Smith, Alan; Crawford, I. A.; Gowen, Robert Anthony; Ambrosi, R.; Anand, M.; Banerdt, B.; Bannister, N.; Bowles, N.; Braithwaite, C.; Brown, P.; Chela-Flores, J.; Cholinser, T.; Church, P.; Coates, A. J.; Colaprete, T.; Collins, G.; Collinson, G.; Cook, T.; Elphic, R.; Fraser, G.; Gao, Y.; Gibson, E.; Glotch, T.; Grande, M.; Griffiths, A.; Grygorczuk, J.; Gudipati, M.; Hagermann, A.; Heldmann, J.; Hood, L. L.; Jones, A. P.; Joy, K. H.; Khavroshkin, O. B.; Klingelhoefer, G.; Knapmeyer, M.; Kramer, G.; Lawrence, D.; Marczewski, W.; McKenna-Lawlor, S.; Miljkovic, K.; Narendranath, S.; Palomba, E.; Phipps, A.; Pike, W. T.; Pullan, D.; Rask, J.; Richard, D. T.; Seweryn, K.; Sheridan, S.; Sims, M.; Sweeting, M.; Swindle, T.; Talboys, D.; Taylor, L.; Teanby, N.; Tong, V.; Ulamec, S.; Wawrzaszek, R.; Wieczorek, M.; Wilson, L.; Wright, I.
Affiliation:
AA(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London), AB(Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London), AC(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London), AD(University of Leicester), AE(CEPSAR, Open University), AF(Jet Propulsion Laboratory), AG(University of Leicester), AH(Oxford University), AI(Cavendish Laboratory), AJ(Imperial College London), AK(The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics), AL(), AM(QinetiQ Ltd.), AN(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London), AO(NASA Ames), AP(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London; , Imperial College London), AQ(NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center), AR(Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Wales Aberystwyth), AS(NASA Ames Research Center), AT(University of Leicester), AU(Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey), AV(NASA Johnson Space Center), AW(Stony Brook University), AX(Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Wales Aberystwyth), AY(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London), AZ(Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences), BA(Jet Propulsion Laboratory), BB(CEPSAR, Open University), BC(NASA Ames Research Center), BD(Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona), BE(Department of Earth Sciences, University College London), BF(Center for Lunar Science and Exploration, Lunar and Planetary Institute), BG(Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences), BH(Institute for Inorganic and Analytic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University), BI(DLR, Institute of Planetary Research), BJ(Center for Lunar Science and Exploration, Lunar and Planetary Institute), BK(Johns Hopkins APL), BL(Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences), BM(Space Technology Ireland, National University of Ireland), BN(Imperial College London), BO(ISRO), BP(IFSI-INAF), BQ(SSTL, Tycho House), BR(Imperial College London), BS(University of Leicester), BT(NASA Ames), BU(San Jose State University/NASA Ames Research Center MS 245-3), BV(Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences), BW(CEPSAR, Open University), BX(University of Leicester), BY(SSTL, Tycho House), BZ(Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona), CA(University of Leicester), CB(University of Tennessee), CC(School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol), CD(Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London), CE(DLR-MUSC), CF(Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences), CG(Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Univ Paris Diderot), CH(Lancaster University), CI(CEPSAR, Open University)
Publication:
Experimental Astronomy, Volume 33, Issue 2-3, pp. 587-644 (ExA Homepage)
Publication Date:
04/2012
Origin:
SPRINGER
Keywords:
Moon, Lunar, Penetrators, Space, Technology, MEMS
Abstract Copyright:
(c) 2012: Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
DOI:
10.1007/s10686-011-9250-5
Bibliographic Code:
2012ExA....33..587S

Abstract

Emplacement of four or more kinetic penetrators geographically distributed over the lunar surface can enable a broad range of scientific exploration objectives of high priority and provide significant synergy with planned orbital missions. Whilst past landed missions achieved a great deal, they have not included a far-side lander, or investigation of the lunar interior apart from a very small area on the near side. Though the LCROSS mission detected water from a permanently shadowed polar crater, there remains in-situ confirmation, knowledge of concentration levels, and detailed identification of potential organic chemistry of astrobiology interest. The planned investigations will also address issues relating to the origin and evolution of the Earth-Moon system and other Solar System planetary bodies. Manned missions would be enhanced with use of water as a potential in-situ resource; knowledge of potential risks from damaging surface Moonquakes, and exploitation of lunar regolith for radiation shielding. LunarNet is an evolution of the 2007 LunarEX proposal to ESA (European Space Agency) which draws on recent significant advances in mission definition and feasibility. In particular, the successful Pendine full-scale impact trials have proved impact survivability for many of the key technology items, and a penetrator system study has greatly improved the definition of descent systems, detailed penetrator designs, and required resources. LunarNet is hereby proposed as an exciting stand-alone mission, though is also well suited in whole or in-part to contribute to the jigsaw of upcoming lunar missions, including that of a significant element to the ILN (International Lunar Network).
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