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Title:
A geomorphic analysis of Hale crater, Mars: The effects of impact into ice-rich crust
Authors:
Jones, A. P.; McEwen, A. S.; Tornabene, L. L.; Baker, V. R.; Melosh, H. J.; Berman, D. C.
Affiliation:
AA(Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA), AB(Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA), AC(Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA), AD(Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA), AE(Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), AF(Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell Road, Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA)
Publication:
Icarus, Volume 211, Issue 1, p. 259-272. (Icarus Homepage)
Publication Date:
01/2011
Origin:
ELSEVIER
Abstract Copyright:
Elsevier Inc.
DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2010.10.014
Bibliographic Code:
2011Icar..211..259J

Abstract

Hale crater, a 125 × 150 km impact crater located near the intersection of Uzboi Vallis and the northern rim of Argyre basin at 35.7°S, 323.6°E, is surrounded by channels that radiate from, incise, and transport material within Hale's ejecta. The spatial and temporal relationship between the channels and Hale's ejecta strongly suggests the impact event created or modified the channels and emplaced fluidized debris flow lobes over an extensive area (>200,000 km2). We estimate ˜1010 m3 of liquid water was required to form some of Hale's smaller channels, a volume we propose was supplied by subsurface ice melted and mobilized by the Hale-forming impact. If 10% of the subsurface volume was ice, based on a conservative porosity estimate for the upper martian crust, 1012 m3 of liquid water could have been present in the ejecta. We determine a crater-retention age of 1 Ga inside the primary cavity, providing a minimum age for Hale and a time at which we propose the subsurface was volatile-rich. Hale crater demonstrates the important role impacts may play in supplying liquid water to the martian surface: they are capable of producing fluvially-modified terrains that may be analogous to some landforms of Noachian Mars.
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