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Title:
The L723 Low-Mass Star Forming Protostellar System: Resolving a Double Core
Authors:
Girart, J. M.; Rao, R.; Estalella, R.
Affiliation:
AA(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai, (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Facultat de Ciències, Torre C5 - parell 2, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalunya, Spain ), AB(Submillimeter Array, Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 645 N. Aohoku Pl, HI 9672, USA ), AC(Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 694, Issue 1, pp. 56-68 (2009). (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
03/2009
Origin:
IOP
Astronomy Keywords:
ISM: individual: LDN 723, ISM: molecules, radio lines: ISM, stars: formation
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637X/694/1/56
Bibliographic Code:
2009ApJ...694...56G

Abstract

We present 1.35 mm Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations around the low-mass Class 0 source IRAS 19156+1906, at the center of the LDN 723 (L723) dark cloud. We detected emission from dust as well as emission from H2CO 30,3-20,2, DCN 3-2, and CN 2-1 lines, which arise from two cores, SMA 1 and SMA 2, separated by 2farcs9 (880 AU in projected distance). SMA 2 is associated with the previously detected source VLA 2. Weak SiO 5-4 emission is detected, possibly tracing a region of interaction between the dense envelope and the outflow. We modeled the dust and H2CO emission from the two cores. The results from the modeling show that the cores have similar physical properties (density and temperature distribution) but that SMA 2 has a larger p-H2CO abundance (by a factor of 3-10) than SMA 1. The p-H2CO abundances' findings are compatible with the value of the outer part of the circumstellar envelopes associated with Class 0 sources. SMA 2 is harboring an active multiple low-mass protostellar system and powering at least one molecular outflow. In contrast, there are no known signs of outflow activity toward SMA 1. This suggests that SMA 2 is more evolved than SMA 1. The kinematics of the two sources show marginal evidence of infall and rotation motions. The mass detected by the SMA observation, which trace scales of lsim1000 AU, is only a small fraction of the mass contained in the large-scale molecular envelope, which suggests that L723 is still in a very early phase of star formation. Despite the apparent quiescent nature of the L723, fragmentation is occurring at the center of the cloud at different scales. Thus, at sime1000 AU, the cloud has fragmented in two cores: SMA 1 and SMA 2. At the same time, at least one of these cores, SMA 2, has undergone additional fragmentation at scales of sime150 AU, forming a multiple stellar system.
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