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Title:
CFBDS J005910.90-011401.3: reaching the T-Y brown dwarf transition?
Authors:
Delorme, P.; Delfosse, X.; Albert, L.; Artigau, E.; Forveille, T.; Reylé, C.; Allard, F.; Homeier, D.; Robin, A. C.; Willott, C. J.; Liu, M. C.; Dupuy, T. J.
Affiliation:
AA(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, UMR 5571 Grenoble, France ), AB(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, UMR 5571 Grenoble, France), AC(Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation, 65-1238 Mamaloha Highway, Kamuela, HI 96743, USA), AD(Gemini Observatory, Southern Operations Center, Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile), AE(Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, UMR 5571 Grenoble, France; Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822-1839, USA), AF(Observatoire de Besançon, Institut UTINAM, University of Franche-Comté, CNRS-UMR 6213, BP 1615, 25010 Besançon Cedex, France), AG(Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, UMR 5574 CNRS, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France), AH(Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany), AI(Observatoire de Besançon, Institut UTINAM, University of Franche-Comté, CNRS-UMR 6213, BP 1615, 25010 Besançon Cedex, France), AJ(Physics Department, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis Pasteur, MacDonald Hall, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada), AK(Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822-1839, USA), AL(Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822-1839, USA)
Publication:
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 482, Issue 3, 2008, pp.961-971 (A&A Homepage)
Publication Date:
05/2008
Origin:
EDP Sciences
Astronomy Keywords:
techniques: spectroscopic, surveys, stars: atmospheres, infrared: stars, stars: low-mass, brown dwarfs
DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361:20079317
Bibliographic Code:
2008A&A...482..961D

Abstract

Aims: We report the discovery of CFBDS J005910.90-011401.3 (hereafter CFBDS0059), the coolest brown dwarf identified to date.
Methods: We found CFBDS0059 using i' and z' images from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), and present optical and near-infrared photometry, Keck laser-guide-star adaptive optics imaging, and a complete near-infrared spectrum, from 1.0 to 2.2 μm.
Results: A side-to-side comparison of the near-infrared spectra of CFBDS0059 and ULAS J003402.77-005206.7 (hereafter ULAS0034), previously the coolest known brown dwarf, indicates that CFBDS0059 is ~50 ± 15 K cooler. We estimate a temperature of T_eff ˜ 620 K and gravity of log g ~ 4.75. Evolutionary models translate these parameters into an age of 1-5 Gyr and a mass of 15-30 M_Jup. We estimate a photometric distance of ~13 pc, which puts CFBDS0059 within easy reach of accurate parallax measurements. Its large proper motion suggests membership in the older population of the thin disk. The spectra of both CFBDS0059 and ULAS J0034 show probable absorption by a wide ammonia band on the blue side of the H-band flux peak. If, as we expect, that feature deepens further for still lower effective temperatures, its appearance will become a natural breakpoint for the transition between the T spectral class and the new Y spectral type. Together, CFBDS0059 and ULAS J0034 would then be the first Y0 dwarfs.

Based in part on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) of France, and the University of Hawaii. This work is based in part on data products produced at TERAPIX and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre as part of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey, a collaborative project of NRC and CNRS. Also based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), CNPq (Brazil) and SECYT (Argentina) under programs GN-2007A-Q-201 and GN-2007B-Q-3. Also based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Observatory under programmes 078.C-0629 and 078.A-0651. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the

W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership

among the California Institute of Technology, the University of

California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The

Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the

W. M. Keck Foundation.

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