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Title:
Efficient intra- and inter-night linking of asteroid detections using kd-trees
Authors:
Kubica, Jeremy; Denneau, Larry; Grav, Tommy; Heasley, James; Jedicke, Robert; Masiero, Joseph; Milani, Andrea; Moore, Andrew; Tholen, David; Wainscoat, Richard J.
Affiliation:
AA(The Robotics Institute, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Now at Google, Collaborative Innovation Center, 4720 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.), AB(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA), AC(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA), AD(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA), AE(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA), AF(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA), AG(Dipartimento di Matematica, Via Buonarroti 2, 56127 Pisa, Italy), AH(The Robotics Institute, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Now at Google, Collaborative Innovation Center, 4720 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.), AI(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA), AJ(Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA)
Publication:
Icarus, Volume 189, Issue 1, p. 151-168. (Icarus Homepage)
Publication Date:
07/2007
Origin:
ELSEVIER
DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2007.01.008
Bibliographic Code:
2007Icar..189..151K

Abstract

The Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) under development at the University of Hawaii's Institute for Astronomy is creating the first fully automated end-to-end Moving Object Processing System (MOPS) in the world. It will be capable of identifying detections of moving objects in our solar system and linking those detections within and between nights, attributing those detections to known objects, calculating initial and differentially corrected orbits for linked detections, precovering detections when they exist, and orbit identification. Here we describe new kd-tree and variable-tree algorithms that allow fast, efficient, scalable linking of intra and inter-night detections. Using a pseudo-realistic simulation of the Pan-STARRS survey strategy incorporating weather, astrometric accuracy and false detections we have achieved nearly 100% efficiency and accuracy for intra-night linking and nearly 100% efficiency for inter-night linking within a lunation. At realistic sky-plane densities for both real and false detections the intra-night linking of detections into ‘tracks’ currently has an accuracy of 0.3%. Successful tests of the MOPS on real source detections from the Spacewatch asteroid survey indicate that the MOPS is capable of identifying asteroids in real data.
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