Spectroscopic survey of the Galaxy with Gaia- I. Design and performance of the Radial Velocity Spectrometer

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08282.x

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Title:		Spectroscopic survey of the Galaxy with Gaia- I. Design and performance of the Radial Velocity Spectrometer
Authors:		Katz, D.; Munari, U.; Cropper, M.; Zwitter, T.; Thévenin, F.; David, M.; Viala, Y.; Crifo, F.; Gomboc, A.; Royer, F.; Arenou, F.; Marrese, P.; Sordo, R.; Wilkinson, M.; Vallenari, A.; Turon, C.; Helmi, A.; Bono, G.; Perryman, M.; Gómez, A.; Tomasella, L.; Boschi, F.; Morin, D.; Haywood, M.; Soubiran, C.; Castelli, F.; Bijaoui, A.; Bertelli, G.; Prsa, A.; Mignot, S.; Sellier, A.; Baylac, M.-O.; Lebreton, Y.; Jauregi, U.; Siviero, A.; Bingham, R.; Chemla, F.; Coker, J.; Dibbens, T.; Hancock, B.; Holland, A.; Horville, D.; Huet, J.-M.; Laporte, P.; Melse, T.; Sayède, F.; Stevenson, T.-J.; Vola, P.; Walton, D.; Winter, B.
Affiliation:		AA(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AB(Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova INAF, sede di Asiago, 36012 Asiago (VI), Italy), AC(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), AD(Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia), AE(O.C.A., BP 4229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4, France), AF(University of Antwerp, Middelheimlaan 1, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium), AG(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AH(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AI(Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Twelve Quays House, Egerton Wharf, Birkenhead CH41 1LD; Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia), AJ(Observatoire de Genève, 51 chemin des Maillettes, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland; Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AK(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AL(Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova INAF, sede di Asiago, 36012 Asiago (VI), Italy), AM(Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova INAF, sede di Asiago, 36012 Asiago (VI), Italy), AN(Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA), AO(INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy), AP(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AQ(Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, the Netherlands), AR(INAF - Rome Astronomical Observatory, Via Frascati 33, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy), AS(Research and Scientific Support Department of ESA, ESTEC, Postbus 299, Keplerlaan 1, Noordwijk NL-2200 AG, the Netherlands), AT(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AU(Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova INAF, sede di Asiago, 36012 Asiago (VI), Italy), AV(Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova INAF, sede di Asiago, 36012 Asiago (VI), Italy), AW(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AX(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), AY(Observatoire Aquitain des Sciences de l'Univers, UMR 5804, 2 rue de l'Observatoire, F-33270 Floirac, France), AZ(CNR-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Roma, Italy; INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G.B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy), BA(O.C.A., BP 4229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4, France), BB(INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy), BC(Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia), BD(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BE(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BF(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BG(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BH(Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia), BI(Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova INAF, sede di Asiago, 36012 Asiago (VI), Italy), BJ(Optical Design Service, Cambridge, 29 Millington Road, Cambridge CB3 9HW; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), BK(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BL(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), BM(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), BN(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), BO(University of Leicester, Space Research Centre, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH), BP(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BQ(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BR(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BS(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BT(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BU(University of Leicester, Space Research Centre, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH), BV(Observatoire de Paris, GEPI, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France), BW(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), BX(Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT)
Publication:		Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 354, Issue 4, pp. 1223-1238. (MNRAS Homepage)
Publication Date:		11/2004
Origin:		MNRAS
Astronomy Keywords:		instrumentation: spectrographs, space vehicles: instruments, techniques: radial velocities, techniques: spectroscopic
DOI:		10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08282.x
Bibliographic Code:		2004MNRAS.354.1223K

Abstract

The definition and optimization studies for the Gaia satellite spectrograph, the `radial velocity spectrometer' (RVS), converged in late 2002 with the adoption of the instrument baseline. This paper reviews the characteristics of the selected configuration and presents its expected performance. The RVS is a 2.0 × 1.6 degree integral field spectrograph, dispersing the light of all sources entering its field of view with a resolving power R=λ/Δλ= 11500 over the wavelength range [848, 874] nm. The RVS will continuously and repeatedly scan the sky during the 5-yr Gaia mission. On average, each source will be observed 102 times over this period. The RVS will collect the spectra of about 100-150 million stars up to magnitude V~= 17-18. At the end of the mission, the RVS will provide radial velocities with precisions of ~2 km s^-1 at V= 15 and ~15-20 km s^-1 at V= 17, for a solar-metallicity G5 dwarf. The RVS will also provide rotational velocities, with precisions (at the end of the mission) for late-type stars of σ_v_{sin i}~= 5 km s^-1 at V~= 15 as well as atmospheric parameters up to V~= 14-15. The individual abundances of elements such as silicon and magnesium, vital for the understanding of Galactic evolution, will be obtained up to V~= 12-13. Finally, the presence of the 862.0-nm diffuse interstellar band (DIB) in the RVS wavelength range will make it possible to derive the three-dimensional structure of the interstellar reddening.

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